Implications of Conventional and Organic Coffee Farming Systems on Soil Chemical Properties

https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v6i1.2246
Published: May 2, 2026

Abstract:

ABSTRACT

The coffee cultivation system has important implications for soil quality, particularly soil chemical properties that play a role in supporting plant growth and productivity. This study aimed to analyze the implications of conventional and organic coffee cultivation systems on soil chemical properties in West Lampung Regency. The research was conducted from March to September 2025 using a survey method with a comparative approach. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–20 cm from coffee fields managed under conventional and organic cultivation systems, with three replications for each system. The parameters analyzed included soil pH, organic carbon (C-organic), total nitrogen (N-total), available phosphorus (P-available), available potassium (K-available), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level when significant differences were observed.

The results showed that the coffee cultivation system had a highly significant effect on soil pH, organic carbon content, and available phosphorus. The organic cultivation system exhibited higher soil pH (6.30), organic carbon (2.35%), and available phosphorus (19.00 mg kg⁻¹) compared to the conventional system. Meanwhile, total nitrogen, available potassium, and CEC did not show significant differences between cultivation systems. These findings indicate that organic coffee cultivation is more effective in improving soil chemical properties related to soil reaction and nutrient availability, thereby potentially supporting the sustainability of coffee agroecosystems.

Keywords:
1. Coffee
2. Cultivation System
3. Soil Chemical Properties
4. Organic
5. Conventional
Authors:
1 . Husna Husna
a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:25:"Politeknik Negeri Lampung";}
2 . Tandaditya Ariefandra Airlangga
Politeknik Negeri Lampung
3 . AH Maftuh Hafidh Zuhdi
Politeknik Negeri Lampung
4 . Hafiz Luthfi
Politeknik Negeri Lampung
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How to Cite
Husna, H., Airlangga, T. A., Zuhdi, A. M. H., & Luthfi, H. (2026). Implications of Conventional and Organic Coffee Farming Systems on Soil Chemical Properties. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 6(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v6i1.2246
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Issue & Section
Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2026
Articles
References

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  1. REFERENCE
  2. Angadi VMA, Murthy RK, Manjunatha MH. 2025. Soil Quality and Microbial Diversity Across Organic and Conventional Coffee in Central Western Ghats, India. Scientific Reports, 15, 15437. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15437-x
  3. Aygun M, Akbar H, Ismadi I, Nasruddin N, Nazirah L. 2025. Analisis Sifat Fisika dan Kimia Tanah pada Lahan Kopi Arabika Organik dan Anorganik di Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Jurnal Agrium, 22(3), 342–349.
  4. Bongers G, De Oliveira RC, Giller KE. 2018. The Influence of Organic and Conventional Coffee Management on Soil Quality Indicators in Tropical Agroecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 256, 182–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.12.013
  5. Campera M, Nekaris KAI, Nijman V, Ahmad N, Imron MA, Budiadi B. 2022. Agrochemicals and Shade Complexity Affect Soil Quality in Coffee Home Gardens. Horticulturae, 3(3), 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8030049
  6. Effendi M, Nugroho A, Sugito Y. 2024. Pengaruh Sistem Agroforestri Kopi terhadap Sifat Fisik Tanah dan Iklim Mikro. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 3(1), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v3i1.702
  7. Hinsinger P, Betencourt E, Bernard L, Brauman A, Plassard C, Shen J, Tang X, Zhang F. 2011. P for Two, Sharing a Scarce Resource: Soil Phosphorus Acquisition in the Rhizosphere of Intercropped Species. Plant Physiology, 156(3), 1078–1086. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.175331
  8. Ning Q, Hättenschwiler S, Luo R, Zhang Z, Hao Z, Jiang L, Ma K. 2020. Carbon Limitation Overrides Acidification in Mediating Soil Microbial Activity to Nitrogen Addition in a Temperate Grassland. Global Change Biology, 26(10), 5761–5773. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15284
  9. Paramudita AD, Lestari SP, Sari YE, Bakti AS. 2025. Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair Air Cucian Beras Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Panen Selada. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v5i1.1449
  10. Sukristiyonubowo S, Husnain H, Nugroho K. 2018. Perubahan Karbon Organik Tanah pada Berbagai Sistem Penggunaan Lahan. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim, 42(2), 101–110.
  11. Sutanto R. 2019. Pertanian Organik: Konsep dan Aplikasi. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
  12. Tu C, Ristaino JB, Hu S. 2020. Soil Microbial Biomass and Activity in Organic and Conventional Farming Systems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35(1), 115–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(02)00231-4