Efektivitas Pemberian Kompos Batang Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata Colla) dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)

https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v5i2.2053
Published: Nov 17, 2025

Abstract:

This study evaluated the effectiveness of banana stem compost (Musa acuminata Colla) as a growth medium amendment to improve the early growth of cacao seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with five media compositions—G0: soil+sand+compost (4:2:0); G1: soil+sand+compost (4:2:1); G2: (4:2:2); G3: (4:2:3); and G4: (4:2:4)—and five replications. Growth variables observed up to 14 weeks after transplanting included plant height, leaf number, maximum leaf area, stem diameter, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight. ANOVA indicated highly significant effects of compost on plant height, maximum leaf area, stem diameter, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight; significant effects on leaf number; and non‑significant effects on root length. Mean separation using the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test at 5% showed all compost treatments (G1–G4) outperformed the non‑compost control (G0) for height, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, and shoot dry weight. The medium with a 4:2:1 proportion (G1) was sufficient to achieve comparable performance to higher compost doses, indicating a practical and efficient recommendation for cacao nurseries. The results support the use of banana stem compost to enhance seedling vigor while potentially valorizing agricultural residues.

Authors:
Ansyori Ansyori
a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:29:"Universitas Satu Nusa Lampung";}
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How to Cite
Ansyori, A. (2025). Efektivitas Pemberian Kompos Batang Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata Colla) dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 5(2), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v5i2.2053
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Issue & Section
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Volume 5 Nomor 2 Tahun 2025
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References

    Abri, Amirudin, & rekannya. (2023). Growth Response of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Seedlings on Various Planting Media Administration. Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 10 (5), 29‑36. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjavs.2023.v10i05.001

    Ali, H., Abro, M. A., Kapri, J. H., Parveen, S., Ahmed, N., & Ali, M. (2023). Utilization of banana pseudostem waste for sustainable soil fertility and plant productivity enhancement. Sustainability, 15(6), 5292. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065292

    Bashir, S., Shah, M. H., Ahmad, M., & Awan, M. I. (2023). Nutrient dynamics and microbial activity in composted banana residues applied to tropical soils. Journal of Environmental Management, 344, 118078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118078

    Defitri, Y., Nursanti, I., & Kurniawan, A. (2023). Pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L) pada media tanah Ultisol yang diberi perlakuan pupuk kompos kotoran sapi. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 23(2), 1193‑1198. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v23i2.4046

    Fatima, K., Ahmed, S., Gaber, A., & Hossain, A. (2024). Foliar fertilization of enriched banana pseudostem sap influences nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn in acidic soil. PLOS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285954

    Fatima, K., Khatun, M., Haque, M. A., & Bashar, H. M. K. (2024). Effect of banana pseudostem derivative compost and foliar spray of sap on nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn in tropical soil. Environmental Sustainability, 23, 63–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01922-7

    Islam, M. S., Kasim, S., & Md Khairul. (2021). Changes in chemical properties of banana pseudostem, mushroom media waste and chicken manure through the co‑composting process. Sustainability, 13(15), Article 8458. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158458

    Islam, M. S., Alam, M., Haque, M. A., & Khatun, M. (2024). Banana pseudostem compost as an organic soil amendment for improving soil structure and nutrient availability in tropical crops. Agronomy, 14(2), 398. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020398

    Mulyadi, S., Nurhasanah, & Fitriana, E. (2024). Efektivitas media tanam organik fermentatif terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kakao. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 3(1), 12–19. Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi.

    Nurfadilah, R., Rahman, H., & Hasanuddin, H. (2022). Nitrogen and phosphorus contribution to vegetative growth and biomass accumulation in tropical crops. Heliyon, 8(12), e12295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12295

    Pratama, B. A., Yudo Tyasmoro, S., & Sebayang, H. T. (2016). Respon pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada berbagai jenis media tanam. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 4(4), 276‑282. Retrieved from https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/131628‑ID‑none.pdf

    Salifu, A., Amedor, E. N., & Afetsu, J. Y. (2020). Effects of biochar and compost on cocoa (Theobroma cacao) seedling growth. International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research (IJOEAR), 6(8), 1‑7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4009001

    Saputra, R., & Rahayu, D. (2023). Pengaruh pemberian bahan organik lokal terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 2(1), 45–52. Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi.

    Subba, P., Hossain, A., & Kundu, S. (2021). Effect of organic amendments on soil microbial biomass and crop productivity in humid tropical soil. Soil & Tillage Research, 205, 104798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2020.104798

    Torres, N. G.-J., Saavedra, J. C., Tuesta, C. A., Becerra, A. G., Marín, C., & Alguacil, M. del M. (2022). The combined effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and compost on Theobroma cacao L. plants growing in Cd-contaminated soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 22(3), 792–805. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00992-9

  1. Abri, Amirudin, & rekannya. (2023). Growth Response of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Seedlings on Various Planting Media Administration. Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 10 (5), 29‑36. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjavs.2023.v10i05.001
  2. Ali, H., Abro, M. A., Kapri, J. H., Parveen, S., Ahmed, N., & Ali, M. (2023). Utilization of banana pseudostem waste for sustainable soil fertility and plant productivity enhancement. Sustainability, 15(6), 5292. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065292
  3. Bashir, S., Shah, M. H., Ahmad, M., & Awan, M. I. (2023). Nutrient dynamics and microbial activity in composted banana residues applied to tropical soils. Journal of Environmental Management, 344, 118078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118078
  4. Defitri, Y., Nursanti, I., & Kurniawan, A. (2023). Pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L) pada media tanah Ultisol yang diberi perlakuan pupuk kompos kotoran sapi. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 23(2), 1193‑1198. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v23i2.4046
  5. Fatima, K., Ahmed, S., Gaber, A., & Hossain, A. (2024). Foliar fertilization of enriched banana pseudostem sap influences nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn in acidic soil. PLOS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285954
  6. Fatima, K., Khatun, M., Haque, M. A., & Bashar, H. M. K. (2024). Effect of banana pseudostem derivative compost and foliar spray of sap on nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn in tropical soil. Environmental Sustainability, 23, 63–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01922-7
  7. Islam, M. S., Kasim, S., & Md Khairul. (2021). Changes in chemical properties of banana pseudostem, mushroom media waste and chicken manure through the co‑composting process. Sustainability, 13(15), Article 8458. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158458
  8. Islam, M. S., Alam, M., Haque, M. A., & Khatun, M. (2024). Banana pseudostem compost as an organic soil amendment for improving soil structure and nutrient availability in tropical crops. Agronomy, 14(2), 398. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020398
  9. Mulyadi, S., Nurhasanah, & Fitriana, E. (2024). Efektivitas media tanam organik fermentatif terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kakao. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 3(1), 12–19. Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi.
  10. Nurfadilah, R., Rahman, H., & Hasanuddin, H. (2022). Nitrogen and phosphorus contribution to vegetative growth and biomass accumulation in tropical crops. Heliyon, 8(12), e12295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12295
  11. Pratama, B. A., Yudo Tyasmoro, S., & Sebayang, H. T. (2016). Respon pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada berbagai jenis media tanam. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 4(4), 276‑282. Retrieved from https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/131628‑ID‑none.pdf
  12. Salifu, A., Amedor, E. N., & Afetsu, J. Y. (2020). Effects of biochar and compost on cocoa (Theobroma cacao) seedling growth. International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research (IJOEAR), 6(8), 1‑7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4009001
  13. Saputra, R., & Rahayu, D. (2023). Pengaruh pemberian bahan organik lokal terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 2(1), 45–52. Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi.
  14. Subba, P., Hossain, A., & Kundu, S. (2021). Effect of organic amendments on soil microbial biomass and crop productivity in humid tropical soil. Soil & Tillage Research, 205, 104798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2020.104798
  15. Torres, N. G.-J., Saavedra, J. C., Tuesta, C. A., Becerra, A. G., Marín, C., & Alguacil, M. del M. (2022). The combined effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and compost on Theobroma cacao L. plants growing in Cd-contaminated soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 22(3), 792–805. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00992-9