Kajian Parameter Genetik Asal Bahan Tanam Stek Lada Natar-1 Serta Implikasi Terhadap Program Pemuliaan Tanaman

https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v5i2.2006
Published: Oct 29, 2025

Abstract:

Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a spice crop with significant potential as an export commodity. In Indonesia, Lampung Province is one of the major production centers contributing to national pepper production after the Bangka Belitung Islands. However, the export potential of black pepper is not aligned with its actual production levels. Strategies to enhance pepper production include the introduction of superior cultivars, such as the Natar 1 variety and vegetative propagation using cuttings sourced from both climbing and fruiting shoots. This study aims to evaluate genetic parameters and the effect of different sources of planting material of the Natar 1, as well as their implications for plant breeding programs. The experimental treatment used a single-case experimental design with three replications, while the experimental layout followed a completely randomized design. The highest genetic variability was observed in the traits of shoot height, number of shoots, number of nodes, and number of roots. Phenotypic variability showed a range of values, categorized as low, moderate, and high. High heritability was recorded for root fresh weight, and planting materials derived from climbing shoots produced higher average values compared to those from fruiting shoots. Estimates of the genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability, heritability is important information for plant breeders and have implications for breeding programs, particularly in variety purification and the selection of superior clones. Such information is useful for identifying which plant parts are most effective for propagation, enabling breeders to efficiently multiply superior genotypes and accelerate the development of new varieties.

Keywords:
1. Lada
2. Keragaman
3. Heritabilitas
4. Bahan tanam
5. Varietas Natar 1
Authors:
1 . Adawiah
Universitas Lampung
2 . Alamanda Katartika Fahri
Universitas Lampung
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How to Cite
Adawiah, & Katartika Fahri, A. (2025). Kajian Parameter Genetik Asal Bahan Tanam Stek Lada Natar-1 Serta Implikasi Terhadap Program Pemuliaan Tanaman. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 5(2), 170–178. https://doi.org/10.47637/agrimals.v5i2.2006
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Issue & Section
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Volume 5 Nomor 2 Tahun 2025
Articles
References

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    Syukur, M., S. Sujiprihati, R. Yunianti., & K. Nida. (2010). Pendugaan Komponen Ragam, Heritabilitas, dan Korelasi Untuk Menentukan Kriteria Seleksi Cabai (Capsicum annum L.) populasi F5. J. Hort. Indonesia, 1 (2), 74-80.

  1. Amanah, S., M.T.H.S. Budiastuti., & A. Sulistyo. Effect of the Media Type and Auxin Concentration on the Growth of Cuttings Seedlings of Pepper (Piper nigrum). Cell Biology & Development, 6(1), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.13057/cellbioldev/v060105.
  2. Anggia & W.O.I. Sutary. (2022). Pengaruh Jenis Sulur dan Jumlah Ruas terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Lada (Piper nigrum L.). Media Agribisnis, 6(2),196-205. https://doi.org/10.35326/agribisnis.v6i2.2765.
  3. Bankapur, N., J.S. Hilli., R. Drari., & B. Arun. (2018). Studies on Genetik Variability, Heritability, Genetik Advances and Association of Morpho-Physiological Traits and their Relation with Heat Tolerance in Wheat. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci, 7(12), 2725-2742. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.712.310.
  4. Bendre. P.D., M.M. Kulkarni., R.G. Khandekar., C.D. Pawar., & N.B. Gokhale. (2020). Effect of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Sprouting, Survival and Growth Performance of Bush Pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci, 11, 598-605. 10.5958/2349-4433.2025.00056.0.
  5. BPS. (2024). Produksi Perkebunan Rakyat Menurut Jenis Tanaman (Ribu Ton), 2023. https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/NzY4IzI=/produksi-perkebunan-rakyat-menurut-jenis-tanaman.html.
  6. Bogale, A. (2018). Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Some Varieties of Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) in North West Ethiopia. International Journal of Innovative Studies in Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 4(3), 36-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-7670.0403005.
  7. Efendi, E., Mahdiannoor, A, Ninasari., Y. Loppies. (2023). Teknik Pemuliaan Tanaman untuk Pertanian Berkelanjutan, Malang. 168 hlm.
  8. Evizal, R., & F.E. Prasmatiwi. (2019). Revitalisasi Lada Lampung Sebagai Komoditas Warisan. Aura Publishing. Lampung. 113-131 hlm.
  9. Hermawati, H., M.Y. Maryono., Dasumiati., Junaidi., & I. Sugoro. (2022). Nilai Duga Keragaman Genetik, Heritabilitas, dan Korelasi antar Karakter Mutan Rumput Gajah Generasi M1V3. Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi: A Scientific Journal for The Applications of Isotopes and Radiation, 18(1), 1-9.
  10. Istiqomah, N., Mahdiannoor., & Norasiah. (2017). Efektivitas Pemberian ZPT Dan Kombinasi Media Pada Perbanyakan Tanaman Lada Secara Stek. Ziraa’ah, 42(2),128-136.
  11. Koryati, T., H. Ningsih., I. Erdiandini., M. Pulina., R. Firgiyanto, Junairiah, & V.K. Sari. (2022). Pemuliaan Tanaman. Yayasan Kita Menulis. Medan. 104 hlm.
  12. Mahdi, N.N., & S. Suprehatin. (2021). Posisi Pasar Lada Indonesia di Pasar Global. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis (JEPA), 5(2), 595-605. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2021.005.02.26.
  13. Nengsih, Y., R. Marpaung., dan Alkori. (2016). Sulur Panjat Merupakan Sumber Stek Terbaik Untuk Perbanyakan Bibit Lada Secara Vegetatif. Jurnal Media Pertanian, 1(1), 29-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jagro.v1i1.13.
  14. Ningrum, F.F., C. Hanum., & E. Purba. (2018). Karakteristik Morfologi Lada Perdu (Piper nigrum L.) Varietas Natar 1 dan Natar 2 Toleran Cekaman Naungan. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi FP USU, 6(4), 708-714. https://doi.org/10.32734/ja.v6i4.2429.
  15. Oktavianty, F.D., I.G.R. Sadimantara., & Muhidin. (2023). Penampilan Agronomis dan Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Galur Harapan Padi (Oryza Sativa L.) Beras Merah Di Lahan Sawah. J. Berkala Penelitian Agronomi. Journal of Agronomi Research, 11(2),89-99. https://doi.org/10.33772/bpa.v11i2.702.
  16. Pusdatin (Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian). (2022). Outlook Komoditas Perkebunan Lada Tahun 2022. 114 hlm.
  17. Putri, K.A., Suwirmen., & Z.A. Noli. (2017). Respon Berbagai Sumber Bahan Stek terhadap Kemampuan Berakar Stek Alstonia scholaris (L) R. Br. sebagai Upaya Penyediaan Bibit untuk Lahan Terdegradasi. Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas, 5(1),1-5.
  18. Putri, N. I., N. Fatnata., P.F. Aslamiah., R. Elfa., R. Musyaropah., & I, Fitriyyah. (2024). Grafting dan Okulasi: Strategi Efektif untuk Perbanyakan Tanaman Berkualitas Tinggi. Pentagon: Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 2(4), 241-249.
  19. Sugianto., Nurbaiiti., & Deviona. 2015. Variabilitas genetik dan Heritabilitas Karakter Agronomis Beberapa Genotipe Sorgum Manis (Sorghum bicolor l. Moench) Koleksi Batan. Jom Faperta, 2(1),1-13.
  20. Syukur, M., S. Sujiprihati dan R. Yunianti. (2009). Teknik Pemuliaan Tanaman. Bagian Genetika dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Departemen Agronomi dan Holtikultura Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
  21. Syukur, M., S. Sujiprihati, R. Yunianti., & K. Nida. (2010). Pendugaan Komponen Ragam, Heritabilitas, dan Korelasi Untuk Menentukan Kriteria Seleksi Cabai (Capsicum annum L.) populasi F5. J. Hort. Indonesia, 1 (2), 74-80.